How does polyploidy cause reproductive isolation

Prezygotic barriers prevent fertilization from taking place. Gametic isolation is a type of prezygotic barrier where the gametes egg and sperm come into contact, but no fertilization takes place.

Gametes may be unable to recognize one another in different species. What is hybrid breakdown? Hybrid breakdown is a type of reproductive failure that appears after the F2 generation of crosses between different species or subspecies. It is caused by incompatibility between interacting genes. How does isolation affect speciation? Geographic isolation is a mechanism of speciation that happens when populations of a species are divided by a geographic barrier.

Populations can become separated by rivers, mountains, or bodies of water. Over time, the two populations become reproductively isolated and they evolve separately. What is an example of behavioral isolation? Behavioral isolation examples include different preferences in breeding calls, mating dances, and pheromones. Fireflies find mates using distinct patterns of flashing.

Only members of the same species can recognize the specific flashing pattern as a potential mate. What is LG picture on wall? Clearly, there is a need for development of new coalescent-based analysis methods for multiple species or populations that can incorporate gene flow.

Although violating this model assumption can lead to an upward bias for ancestral population sizes, migration rate estimates have been shown to be fairly robust Beerli , and therefore our gene flow estimates should not be very sensitive to this assumption. Divergence population genetic analyses are increasingly being used to assess gene flow between and within diploid species. In this study, we have used an extension of the isolation-with-migration model Hey that allows the specification of a set of parameters to create a realistic framework for polyploid speciation.

Our results show that gene flow from the diploid C. This study demonstrates the power of divergence population genetic analyses for distinguishing between competing hypotheses on polyploid speciation. We thank D. Charlesworth, J. Wakeley, S. Aagaard, and 2 anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. Google Scholar. Google Preview. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford.

It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Sign In or Create an Account. Sign In. Advanced Search. Search Menu. Article Navigation. Close mobile search navigation Article Navigation. Volume Article Contents Abstract. Material and Methods. Tanja Slotte , Tanja Slotte. Oxford Academic. Huirun Huang.

Martin Lascoux. Alf Ceplitis. Jody Hey, Associate Editor. Select Format Select format. Permissions Icon Permissions. Abstract Polyploid formation is a major mode of sympatric speciation in flowering plants. Capsella , introgression , polyploidy , isolation—migration model , speciation. Open in new tab Download slide. Open in new tab. Comparative genome analysis reveals extensive conservation of genome organisation for Arabidopsis thaliana and Capsella rubella.

Google Scholar Crossref. Search ADS. A new approach to estimate parameters of speciation models with application to apes. Effect of unsampled populations on the estimation of population sizes and migration rates between sampled populations. The Arabidopsis genome sequence as a tool for genome analysis in Brassicaceae. A comparison of the Arabidopsis and Capsella rubella genomes. Bayesian inference of evolutionary history from chloroplast microsatellites in the cosmopolitan weed Capsella bursa-pastoris Brassicaceae.

PCR-mediated recombination in amplification products derived from polyploid cotton. Google Scholar PubMed. Aneuploidy and genetic variation in the Arabidopsis thaliana triploid response.

On the number of New World founders: a population genetic portrait of the peopling of the Americas. Multilocus methods for estimating population sizes, migration rates and divergence time, with applications to the divergence of Drosophila pseudoobscura and D. Integration within the Felsenstein equation for improved Markov chain Monte Carlo methods in population genetics.

Using nuclear haplotypes with microsatellites to study gene flow between recently separated Cichlid species. Genomic relationships and speciation times of human, chimpanzee, and gorilla inferred from a coalescent hidden Markov model. Statistical properties of the number of recombination events in the history of a sample of DNA sequences. The role of triploid hybrids in the evolutionary dynamics of mixed-ploidy populations. Context-dependent autonomous self-fertilization yields reproductive assurance and mixed mating.

Comparative evolutionary analysis of chalcone synthase and alcohol dehydrogenase loci in Arabidopsis , Arabis , and related genera Brassicaceae. Molecular systematics of the Brassicaceae: evidence from coding plastidic matK and nuclear Chs sequences. Inferring the history of speciation from multilocus DNA sequence data: the case of Drosophila pseudoobscura and close relatives.

A coalescent-based method for detecting and estimating recombination from gene sequences. Life-history traits and ploidy levels in the genus Capsella Brassicaceae. Distinguishing migration from isolation: a Markov chain Monte Carlo approach.

Evolutionary consequences of diploid-polyploid hybrid zones in wild species. Discordant divergence times among Z-chromosome regions between two ecologically distinct swallowtail butterfly species.

Multilocus analysis of variation and speciation in the closely related species Arabidopsis halleri and A. Pathways, mechanisms, and rates of polyploid formation in flowering plants. The probability of topological concordance of gene trees and species trees. Chloroplast DNA indicates a single origin of the allotetraploid Arabidopsis suecica.

Translation 8: Metabolism 1. Metabolism 2. Cell Respiration 3. Photosynthesis 9: Plant Biology 1. Xylem Transport 2. Phloem Transport 3. Plant Growth 4. Plant Reproduction Genetics 1. Meiosis 2. Inheritance 3. Speciation Animal Physiology 1. Antibody Production 2. Movement 3. The Kidney 4. Sidebar [Skip].

Stebbins, G. Chromosomal evolution in higher plants. London: Edward Arnold. One of the most cited sources for polyploidy.

Chapters of this book focus on hybridization, polyploidy, and attributes of polyploids. Wendel, Jonathan F. The wondrous cycles of polyploidy in plants. American Journal of Botany — A wonderful perspective on the interplay between polyploidy and subsequent diploidization, and how this repeated process has shaped Angiosperm genomes.

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